Here are some easily damaged parts on excavators:
Chassis components
Track shoes: When excavators walk on various complex terrains, the track shoes come into direct contact with the ground and bear enormous pressure, which can easily cause wear, deformation, and even fracture. Especially in construction sites with rocks and sharp objects, the probability of damage to track shoes is higher
Supporting wheels: Supporting wheels support the weight of the excavator and roll under the drive of the tracks. After long-term use, the shaft sleeve of the supporting wheel will have gaps due to wear, causing the wheel body to shake and wear unevenly, ultimately affecting the walking stability of the excavator and the service life of the track
Chain wheel: Its function is to support the track and reduce the sagging of the track. During work, the sprocket bears the tension and friction of the track, which can easily lead to wear, oil leakage, and other malfunctions, thereby affecting the normal operation of the track
Working device components
Bucket teeth: As a part of the excavator that directly excavates materials, the friction between bucket teeth and materials is frequent and intense, and the wear rate is very fast, making it a typical vulnerable part. When excavating hard rocks or ores, the bucket teeth may even collapse, fracture, and other situations
Bucket pin: The bucket pin that connects the bucket teeth and handle is subjected to significant impact and shear forces during excavation, which can cause wear and deformation, resulting in loose or detached bucket teeth and affecting the normal progress of excavation work
Oil cylinder seal: The oil cylinder of the excavator needs to frequently expand and contract during operation to drive the movement of the working device. Oil cylinder seals are prone to aging, wear, and rupture in long-term high-pressure and high-speed friction environments, leading to oil leakage and affecting the efficiency and performance of excavators
Engine components
Air filter element: The engine requires a large amount of clean air during operation, and the air filter element is responsible for filtering dust and impurities from the air. If the working environment is dusty, the filter element is easily clogged, resulting in insufficient engine intake, decreased power, and even engine failure. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly replace the filter element
Oil filter element: The oil filter element is used to filter impurities and metal shavings in the engine oil, preventing them from entering the engine interior and causing component wear. As the usage time increases, the filter element will gradually become clogged, affecting the normal circulation and filtration effect of the oil, so it also needs to be replaced on time.
Fan Belt: The fan belt is responsible for driving the operation of the engine cooling fan to ensure that the engine operates within the normal temperature range. After prolonged use, the belt may experience issues such as wear, aging, and looseness, leading to a decrease in fan speed and poor engine heat dissipation, which in turn affects the performance and lifespan of the engine
Crankshaft oil seal: The crankshaft oil seal is installed at the connection between the engine crankcase and the outside to prevent oil leakage. Due to the high-speed rotation and vibration of the crankshaft during engine operation, the oil seal is prone to wear and aging, leading to oil leakage. This not only causes oil waste, but also may contaminate the engine surface and surrounding environment
Hydraulic system components
Hydraulic oil pump input shaft skeleton oil seal: The hydraulic oil pump is one of the core components of the hydraulic system, and its input shaft skeleton oil seal is used to prevent hydraulic oil leakage. Under the high-speed operation of the oil pump and the high pressure of the hydraulic oil, the skeleton oil seal is prone to damage, causing hydraulic oil leakage and affecting the normal operation of the hydraulic system
Hydraulic oil pipe and joint: During the operation of the excavator, the hydraulic oil pipe will continuously bend and stretch with the movement of the working device, which can easily lead to oil pipe wear and rupture. In addition, the oil pipe joints may also experience loosening, oil leakage, and other issues due to long-term vibration, which can affect the stability and efficiency of the hydraulic system
Hydraulic oil filter element: The hydraulic oil filter element is used to filter impurities in hydraulic oil and maintain its cleanliness. If the filter element is clogged, it will cause poor hydraulic oil flow, affecting the normal operation of the hydraulic system and even potentially damaging hydraulic components. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly replace the hydraulic oil filter element.
Electrical system components
Lighting fixtures: The lighting fixtures used by excavators on construction sites are often affected by factors such as vibration, dust, and humidity, which can lead to problems such as bulb damage, lampshade breakage, and poor line contact, affecting the safety and visibility of nighttime construction
Fuse: The fuse in an electrical system plays a role in protecting the circuit. When faults such as overload or short circuit occur in the circuit, the fuse will melt to cut off the circuit. In the daily use of excavators, due to frequent starting and stopping of electrical equipment, as well as possible circuit faults, fuses are prone to melting and need to be replaced in a timely manner
Battery: The battery provides power for the start of the excavator and some electrical equipment. During long-term use, the performance of the battery may decrease due to natural discharge, insufficient charging, and sulfurization of the electrode plates, resulting in difficulties in starting and insufficient battery capacity. Especially in cold environments, the performance of batteries is more easily affected.
